Should students memorise quotations for use in the exam, or is making references to the text adequate?

Candidates are rewarded for supplementing their reading of a text with well-chosen textual reference. This can be in the form of both direct quotation and reference. Direct quotation enables the candidate to evidence explicitly the writer’s language choices, which is an important element of AO3, so it benefits candidates to have memorised short quotations from their text for Paper 1 and Paper 2. We would draw your attention to the Principal Examiner’s Reports published on the School Support Hub, where this is made explicit.